Biography of Jesus Christ

Jesus[e] (/ˈdʒiːzəs/ JEE-zuss; c. 4 BC – c. 30/33 AD), also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth and Jesus Christ,[f] was a Jewish preacher and religious leader.[12] He is the central figure of Christianity. Christians believe him to be the Son of God and the awaited Messiah (Christ) prophesied in the Old Testament.[13][14]

Virtually all modern scholars of antiquity agree that Jesus existed historically,[g] although the quest for the historical Jesus has produced little agreement on the historical reliability of the Gospels and on how closely the biblical Jesus reflects the historical Jesus.[21][h][i] Jesus was a Galilean Jew[12] who was baptized by John the Baptist and subsequently began his own ministry, preaching his message orally[24] and often being referred to as "rabbi".[25] Jesus debated fellow Jews on how to best follow God, engaged in healings, taught in parables and gathered followers.[26][27] He was arrested and tried by the Jewish authorities,[28] and turned over to the Roman government, and was subsequently crucified on the order of Pontius Pilate, the Roman prefect.[26] After his death, his followers believed he rose from the dead, and the community they formed eventually became the Christian Church.[29]

His birth is celebrated annually on December 25 (or various dates in January for some eastern churches) as a holiday known as Christmas, his crucifixion is honored on Good Friday, and his resurrection is celebrated on Easter. The widely used calendar era "AD", from the Latin anno Domini ("in the year of the Lord"), and the alternative "CE", are based on the approximate birth date of Jesus.[30][j]

Christian doctrines include the beliefs that Jesus was conceived by the Holy Spirit, was born of a virgin named Mary, performed miracles, founded the Church, died by crucifixion as a sacrifice to achieve atonement, rose from the dead, and ascended into Heaven, whence he will return.[32] Most Christians believe Jesus enables humans to be reconciled to God. The Nicene Creed asserts that Jesus will judge the living and the dead[33] either before or after their bodily resurrection,[34][35][36] an event tied to the Second Coming of Jesus in Christian eschatology.[37] The great majority of Christians worship Jesus as the incarnation of God the Son, the second of three persons of a Divine Trinity. A minority of Christian denominations reject Trinitarianism, wholly or partly, as non-scriptural.

In Islam, Jesus (commonly transliterated as Isa) is considered one of God's important prophets and the Messiah.[38][39][40] Muslims believe Jesus was a bringer of scripture and was born of a virgin but was not the Son of God. The Quran states that Jesus himself never claimed divinity.[41] To most Muslims, Jesus was not crucified but was physically raised into Heaven by God.

Judaism rejects the belief that Jesus was the awaited Messiah, arguing that he did not fulfill Messianic prophecies and asserting that his resurrection is a Christian legend.[42]

耶稣[E]（/dʒiːzəs/ JEE-zuss; -C 4 BC - 约公元30/33），也被称为拿撒勒和耶稣基督耶稣，[F]是一个犹太牧师和宗教领袖[12]。他是基督教的核心人物。基督徒相信他是神，在旧约中预言了期待已久的弥赛亚（基督）的儿子。[13] [14]

事实上，古代的所有现代学者都认为耶稣历史上存在，[G]虽然历史上的耶稣的追求已经产生的福音和圣经中耶稣如何直接反映了其历史上的耶稣的历史可靠性没有达成一致。[21] [H ] [I]耶稣是加利利的犹太人[12]谁是施洗约翰的洗礼，然后开始了他自己的事工，口头宣讲他的信息[24]，往往被称为“拉比”。[25]耶稣辩论的犹太同胞如何最好地走神，从事医治，用比喻和聚集的追随者教。[26] [27]他被逮捕和犹太当局试图，[28]和上缴罗马政府，并随后庞修斯·皮尔特，罗马知府的顺序钉在十字架上。[26]他去世后，他的追随者相信他从死里复活，他们形成的社会最终成为了基督教会。[29]

他的出生是（在一月或不同日期为东部的一些教堂）12月25日，每年庆祝被称为圣诞节假期，他被钉十字架的耶稣受难日荣幸，他的复活庆祝复活节。目前广泛使用的日历时代“AD”，来自拉丁语公元（“奉主的一年”），以及可选的“CE”，是基于耶稣的大致出生日期。[30] [J]。

基督教教义包括耶稣被圣灵感孕的信念，出生在一个叫玛丽的处女，创造奇迹，创办了教会，被钉十字架去世的牺牲来实现赎罪，从死里复活，并升天，自何处他会回来。[32]大多数基督徒相信耶稣使人类与神和好。尼西亚断言耶稣会判断活和死[33]之前或他们的身体的复活后，[34] [35] [36]绑在第二基督教末世编辑耶稣的事件。[37]绝大多数基督徒的敬拜耶稣是神的儿子，一个神圣的三位一体的三个人的第二的化身。基督教派的少数拒绝三位一体，全部或部分，作为非圣经。

在伊斯兰教中，耶稣（一般音译为ISA）被认为是神的重要先知和弥赛亚之一。[38] [39] [40]穆斯林相信耶稣是圣经的使者，并生了一个处女，但没有神的儿子。古兰经说耶稣自己从来没有声称的神性。[41]对于大多数穆斯林，耶稣被钉在十字架上没有通过，但神实际募集进入天堂。

犹太教拒绝相信耶稣是期待已久的弥赛亚，认为他没有履行弥赛亚的预言，并声称他的复活是基督教传说。[42]